Rethinking Shared Environment as a Source of Variance Underlying Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms: Comment on Burt (2009)

Autor/inn/en	Wood, Alexis C.; Buitelaar, Jan; Rijsdijk, Fruhling; Asherson, Philip; Kuntsi, Jonna
Titel	Rethinking Shared Environment as a Source of Variance Underlying Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms: Comment on Burt (2009)
Quelle	In: Psychological Bulletin, 136 (2010) 3, S.331-340 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0033-2909
DOI	10.1037/a0019048
Schlagwörter	Twins; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Genetics; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Meta Analysis; Psychopathology; Models; Environmental Influences + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Twin; Zwilling; Humangenetik; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Meta-analysis; Metaanalyse; Psychopathologie; Analogiemodell; Environmental influence; Umwelteinfluss
Abstract	Burt (2009) recently published a meta-analysis of twin studies on behaviors associated with childhood psychopathologies, concluding that the finding that traits associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were the only behaviors that did not show a significant influence of shared environment (C) was surprising. We agree, highlighting four methodological issues that may account for this finding: (a) the use of nonlinear transformations to normalize skewed data; (b) low power to detect C and the subsequent presentation of reduced models; (c) the negative confounding of dominant genetic (D) and C influences in twin models with data exclusively from monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs reared together; and (d) the correction used for contrast effects (a form of rater bias), which may lead to an overestimate of additive genetic (A) or D parameters at the expense of C. We offer suggestions for future research to address these issues, and we emphasize the need for additional research to examine possible shared environmental factors related to ADHD. (Contains 1 table.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10